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ʻAno alakaʻi o ka hale paʻahao ʻōwili

Ma waena o nā hana he nui o ka ʻōwili ʻanahāpai ʻananā hale paʻa, ʻo kā lākou hana alakaʻi (ke alakaʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā mea ʻōwili ma ke ala holo pololei) he mea nui loa ia, ʻoiai no nā bearings wikiwiki, kahi mea i aneane he palena koʻikoʻi. I lokonā mea e hāpai ana, aia kahi hakahaka ma waena o ka hale paʻahao a me ka ferrule a me ka mea ʻōwili, hiki ke "ʻauʻau manuahi" ma nā kuhikuhi radial, axial, circumferential a me angular, no laila ʻo ia ka ʻāpana me nā palena liʻiliʻi o ka neʻe ʻana a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kūʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole nui ka hopena o kēia ʻano "ʻauʻau manuahi" i ka bearing i ka wā e holo ana ma nā wikiwiki haʻahaʻa, akā ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wikiwiki o ka bearing, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona maʻalahi a me ke kūpaʻa. Ma lalo o ka superposition o nā ukana e like me ka friction, ka ikaika collision, ka ikaika centrifugal a me ka ikaika inertia o ka hale paʻahao, e alakaʻi ia i ka friction koʻikoʻi, ka ʻaʻahu, ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, ka puhi ʻana, ka deformation, ka haʻalulu, ka walaʻau a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka bearing. No laila, pono kekahi ʻano alakaʻi e hoʻokō i ka hale paʻahao e kāohi a hōʻemi paha i kēia hopena maikaʻi ʻole i hiki ai i ka bearing ke hana maʻamau.

ʻO ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka hale paʻahao ʻo ia hoʻi i ka wā o ka hana ʻana ohāpai ʻana, hoʻokō ka hale paʻahao i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea ʻōwili ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ke kuʻi ʻana me ka lihi ferrule (a i ʻole raceway) a me ka mea ʻōwili. Pili loa ka hana alakaʻi a me ka hana pili o ka hale paʻahao i kāna ʻano alakaʻi. ʻOi loa i ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā bearings wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ke ʻano alakaʻi hale paʻahao kahi ʻike koʻikoʻi loa, pono e makaʻala ʻia, a pono e hana ʻia ka noiʻi kūikawā a me ka hōʻoia hoʻāʻo e hoʻokō i nā koi.

1 Ke ʻano alakaʻi o ka hale paʻahao a me nā kūlana hana kūpono Ua kapa pinepine ʻia ke ʻano alakaʻi o ka hale paʻahao ʻo ia ke "ʻano alakaʻi passive o ka hale paʻahao", ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ala e alakaʻi ʻia ai a hoʻokele ʻia ai ka hale paʻahao e ka ferrule a i ʻole ka element ʻōwili - ke komo ka element ʻōwili i ka wahi e hali ana i ka hali, ma muli o ka hopena hoʻokele o ka friction ma waena o nā alahele apo ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka element ʻōwili ma mua o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻohuli ʻana o ka hale paʻahao, a hoʻokuke ka element ʻōwili i ka hale paʻahao e holo i kēia manawa. I ka manawa like, aia kekahi "ʻano alakaʻi hana o ka hale paʻahao", ʻo ia hoʻi, alakaʻi ka hale paʻahao i ka neʻe ʻana o ka element ʻōwili - ke komo ka element ʻōwili i ka wahi ʻaʻole e hali ana o ka hali, ma muli o ke ʻae ʻia, ʻaʻole hali ka element ʻōwili i ka ukana, a ua hoʻemi ʻia kona wikiwiki kipi, i kēia manawa, hoʻololi ia i ka hoʻokele ʻia e ka hale paʻahao a alakaʻi i ka neʻe ʻana o ka element ʻōwili.

ʻO nā ʻano alakaʻi nui o ka hale paʻahao:

1) Ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻōwili, ke alakaʻi ʻana i ke apo o waho (flange a i ʻole raceway), ke alakaʻi ʻana i ke apo o loko (flange a i ʻole raceway);

2) Nā ʻano alakaʻi hui ʻia e like me ke "alakaʻi ʻāpana ʻōwili + alakaʻi apo waho", "alakaʻi ʻāpana ʻōwili + alakaʻi apo o loko", "alakaʻi apo o waho + alakaʻi apo o loko", a pēlā aku. I waena o lākou, ua kapa ʻia ke alakaʻi apo o loko a me waho he alakaʻi ferrule.

 

Alakaʻi kino ʻōwili

ʻO ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā mea ʻōwili ka ʻano alakaʻi paʻa i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia - koe wale nō nā bearings element ʻōwili piha, inā he paʻa, aia kēia ʻano alakaʻi, a kūpono ia no nā wikiwiki waena a me nā haʻahaʻa a me nā kūlana hana ukana maʻamau. ʻO ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā mea ʻōwili he metala nui (papa kila akahai, papa keleawe, papa kila kila, a pēlā aku) paʻa stamping (i kapa ʻia ʻo stamping cage) a me polyamide 66 a me 46 (PA66 a me PA46), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) a me nā paʻa plastik ʻenekinia ʻē aʻe, a me ka metala (metala keleawe, metala alumini, metala kūkulu metala, a pēlā aku) paʻa paʻa (i kapa ʻia ʻo paʻa paʻa) no nā bearings nui.

Alakaʻi Ferrule

Hiki i ke alakaʻi Ferrule ke hāʻawi i ke alakaʻi pololei no ka hale paʻahao i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā mea ʻōwili, a hiki nō hoʻi ke kāohi i ka haʻalulu o ka hale paʻahao, kahi mea e kūpono ai i ka hana mālie o ka bearing. No laila, kūpono loa ke alakaʻi ferrule no ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, ka wikiwiki a me ka deceleration, nā ukana waena a kaumaha, a me nā kūlana haʻalulu nui. Hoʻokumu nui ʻia ke alakaʻi ferrule ma nā hale paʻahao paʻa a me nā hale paʻahao phenolic laminated (i kapa ʻia ʻo nā hale phenolic), a me nā hale palaki ʻenekinia e like me ka polyether ether ketone (PEEK) a me ka polyimide (PI), a hoʻohana kekahi i nā hale paʻahao.

2 Nā alakaʻi koho laulā no nā ʻano alakaʻi o ka hale manu

(1) E like me ka wikiwiki o ka holo ʻana o ke kaʻa

Hoʻokele ʻia nā wikiwiki haʻahaʻa a me waena e nā mea ʻōwili

Ma waho aʻe o ka maʻalahi, kūpono a me ka hoʻokele waiwai, ʻo ke kumu nui ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka holo wikiwiki, he paʻakikī ke hoʻokumu i kahi kiʻi ʻaila lubricating hydrodynamic ma waena o ka hale paʻahao a me ka ʻili alakaʻi ferrule, a ʻo ka lubrication palena a i ʻole ka friction maloʻo e alakaʻi i ka piʻi nui o ka mahana a me ka wikiwiki o ka lole.

Hoʻokele ʻia ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻolalelale ʻana a me ka deceleration e nā ferrules

ʻO nā kumu nui no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke alakaʻi ferrule no nā bearings wikiwiki: 1) "ʻaila lubrication + wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe" he maʻalahi ke hana i kahi lubrication ʻaila piha hydrodynamic maikaʻi ma ka ʻili alakaʻi hale paʻahao;

2) Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka ʻāpana ʻōwili, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka ikaika huki o ka hale paʻahao ma ka ʻāpana ʻōwili. I waena o lākou,

ʻO nā ʻano o ke alakaʻi apo waho: 1) Ma muli o ka inhomogeneity a i ʻole nā ​​​​hemahema o nā mea, nā hewa hana a me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, a me ka asymmetry geometric i ka hoʻolālā, e alakaʻi ka hale paʻahao i ka eccentricity nui. Ma lalo o ka hana o ka ikaika centrifugal wikiwiki, e hoʻopili mua ʻia ka ʻili alakaʻi diameter waho o ka hale paʻahao ma ke kuhikuhi eccentric o ka nuipa i ka lihi o ke apo waho a hana i ka friction a me ke komo ʻana, i hiki i ka hale paʻahao ke hoʻokō i ke kaulike dynamic iā ia iho. 2) Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke alakaʻi apo o loko, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā diameters o loko a me waho o ka hale paʻahao, a ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka helu like o nā mea ʻōwili, ʻoi aku ka laulā o ka mea hele hale paʻahao, no laila ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika; A i ʻole ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka laulā lintel hale paʻahao like, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea ʻōwili hou aʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi hou aku i ka paʻakikī a me ka hiki ke hali o ka bearing. 3) ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka mahana hana o ke apo waho ma mua o ke apo o loko, a maʻalahi ka wela i hana ʻia e ka friction o ka ʻili alakaʻi e hoʻopau ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūlana lubrication. 4) Ke wili ke apo o loko, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke ala vortex o ke kikowaena o ka nuipa o ka hale alakaʻi apo o waho ma mua o ke alakaʻi apo o loko. 5) No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka radius o ka flange apo o waho ma mua o ka radius o ke ala holo, ma lalo o ka mana o ka ikaika centrifugal, aia paha kahi pilikia o ka ʻaila maikaʻi ʻole ma ka ʻili alakaʻi o ka hale (hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia nā lua ʻaila radial ma ka lihi o ke apo o waho e hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi o ka lubrication o ka ʻili alakaʻi.

ʻO nā ʻano o ke alakaʻi apo o loko: 1) Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke alakaʻi apo o waho, ʻo ka eccentricity o ke alakaʻi apo o loko e alakaʻi i ka ʻaʻahu pili o ka ʻili alakaʻi anawaena o loko o ka hale paʻahao ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka ikaika centrifugal, a e hōʻino nui ʻia kona kaulike dynamic (ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pololei o ka mīkini o ka hale paʻahao, ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kaulike dynamic pololei a koʻikoʻi, a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā kūlana lubrication maikaʻi, e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻaʻahu offset i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka eccentricity nui). 2) ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka wikiwiki o ka laina paheʻe o ka ʻili alakaʻi hale paʻahao a me ka flange apo o loko ma mua o ke alakaʻi apo o waho, no laila ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka friction a me ke kapa (ʻoi aku ka ʻike ʻia i nā noi wikiwiki haʻahaʻa kahi e pono ai ka torque friction haʻahaʻa). 3) ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui a me ke kaumaha o ka hale paʻahao ma mua o ke alakaʻi apo o waho, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka ikaika centrifugal i ka wā e hoʻemi ʻia ai ka mea a me ka wili ʻana (akā ua hoʻemi ʻia ka helu o nā mea wili, ka paʻakikī o ka hali a me ka hiki ke ukana). 4) Ke loaʻa kahi ukana māmā a i ʻole ke kuhikuhi ʻana, ʻo ka ikaika kauō viscous o ka ʻaila lubricating ma waena o ka ʻili alakaʻi diameter o loko o ka hale paʻahao a me ka flange apo o loko e hana i ka ikaika kauō ma ka hale paʻahao, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka paheʻe ʻana a me ka hamo ʻana o ka mea ʻōwili. 5) Ke alakaʻi ʻia ke ala holo pololei o ke apo o loko, he pōkole ka manawa holo mua o ka bearing ma lalo o nā kūlana lubrication grease; Ma lalo o nā kūlana lubricated aila, ʻaʻole hōʻiliʻili ka ʻaila lubricating i loko o ka bearing.